護理師照護剛進行腰椎穿刺的病人。為預防術後併發症，護理師應採取何種措施？
A nurse is caring for a client who just underwent a lumbar puncture. Which action should the nurse take to prevent a post-procedure complication?
- AEncourage the client to ambulate immediately to promote circulation鼓勵病人立即下床活動以促進循環
- BPlace the client in a high-Fowler's position to facilitate breathing將病人置於半坐臥位（High-Fowler's position）以利呼吸
- CMaintain the client in a flat, supine position for several hours✓ 正解讓病人保持平躺姿勢數小時
- DRestrict all fluid intake for the next 24 hours限制未來24小時內的所有液體攝取
腰椎穿刺後常見併發症為頭痛，主因是腦脊髓液（CSF）外漏導致顱內壓力下降。術後平躺可減少壓力梯度變化，配合攝取足夠水分有助於 CSF 生成與癒合。過早起床或採取高坐姿會增加漏液風險，導致嚴重的姿勢性頭痛。
The most common complication after lumbar puncture is headache, primarily caused by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage with a resulting decrease in intracranial pressure. Maintaining the client supine after the procedure minimizes pressure gradient changes, and adequate fluid intake supports CSF production and healing. Early ambulation or assuming a high-Fowler's position increases the risk of CSF leakage and can lead to severe positional (post-dural puncture) headache.
台美臨床皆建議平躺，但美國護理師常依據機構 protocol 執行，台灣則較常遵循醫師醫囑限制平躺時間。