在醫療照護環境中，下列哪項措施對於預防抗藥性金黃色葡萄球菌（MRSA）擴散最有效？
Which action is most effective in preventing the spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a healthcare setting?
- APerforming consistent hand hygiene with soap and water✓ 正解以肥皂和水確實執行手部衛生
- BPlacing the client in a private room with negative pressure將病人安置於負壓之獨立病房
- CUsing alcohol-based hand sanitizer after every contact每次接觸後使用酒精性乾洗手
- DWearing a gown and gloves for all client interactions與所有病人互動時穿著隔離衣及手套
預防 MRSA 擴散最有效的單一措施為持續且確實的「手部衛生」。MRSA 屬接觸傳播，醫療人員的手部是主要載體。雖然 alcohol-based hand sanitizer（C）對 MRSA 也有效且常用於日常臨床，但「肥皂與水」洗手在手部明顯髒污或接觸體液時更具物理清潔力，且為手部衛生的金標準。其他選項：B. 負壓隔離房用於空氣傳播疾病（如 TB），MRSA 採接觸防護即可；D. 全程穿戴 gown + gloves 過於激進，應依風險而定。
The most effective single measure to prevent the spread of MRSA is consistent and proper hand hygiene. MRSA is transmitted by contact, and healthcare workers' hands are the principal vector. While alcohol-based hand sanitizer (C) is also effective against MRSA and widely used in routine clinical care, washing with soap and water provides greater mechanical cleansing when hands are visibly soiled or after contact with body fluids and is the gold standard of hand hygiene. As for the other options: C, negative-pressure isolation rooms are used for airborne diseases (such as TB), whereas contact precautions are sufficient for MRSA; D, wearing a gown and gloves for every interaction is excessive and should be based on risk.
美台皆強調五時刻洗手，台灣護理師在洗手設備的可及性上較具挑戰，常需依賴乾洗手。