一位乳膠過敏病人入院。護理師應確保從病房中移除哪項物品？

乳膠過敏（latex allergy）是一種對天然橡膠乳膠製品的免疫反應，從輕微的皮膚刺激到嚴重的全身型過敏性休克（anaphylaxis）都可能發生。對於已知有乳膠過敏史的病人，護理師的首要職責是創造一個「無乳膠環境」（latex-free environment），以預防任何可能的過敏反應。這包括仔細檢查病房內所有可能接觸到的物品，並確保移除含有乳膠的產品，同時在病人的病歷和床邊明顯標示乳膠過敏，以提醒所有醫療人員。 護理師在準備病房和執行照護時，必須對常見的乳膠製品有充分的認識，並選擇替代品。這不僅是保障病人安全的基本要求，也是展現專業素養的重要環節。任何潛在的過敏原都應被嚴格排除，以避免不必要的風險。

Latex allergy is an immune reaction to products made from natural rubber latex; reactions can range from mild skin irritation to severe systemic anaphylaxis. For patients with a known history of latex allergy, the nurse's primary responsibility is to create a latex-free environment to prevent any possible allergic reaction. This includes carefully inspecting all items in the room that the patient may come into contact with, ensuring that latex-containing products are removed, and clearly labeling latex allergy in the patient's chart and at the bedside to alert all healthcare personnel. When preparing the room and providing care, the nurse must have thorough knowledge of common latex products and select alternative items. This is not only a basic requirement for patient safety, but also an important demonstration of professional competence. Any potential allergen must be strictly excluded to avoid unnecessary risk.

乳膠過敏的預防和管理原則在台灣和美國是高度一致的。兩地醫療機構都會要求對已知乳膠過敏的病人採取「無乳膠環境」措施，並在病歷上明確標示。護理師對常見乳膠製品的辨識能力也都是基本要求。因此，NCLEX 考試中關於乳膠過敏的知識，對於台灣護理師在美國執業是直接適用的，沒有顯著的臨床做法差異。