護理師照護一位因宗教信仰拒絕輸血的病人。以下哪項措施最恰當？
A nurse is caring for a client who is refusing a blood transfusion due to religious beliefs. Which action is most appropriate?
- ARespect the client's decision and notify the physician✓ 正解尊重個案的決定並通知醫師
- BAsk the client's family to persuade them詢問個案的家屬去說服他
- CExplain that the blood is necessary to save their life解釋輸血是挽救生命所必需的
- DAdminister the blood while the client is sleeping在個案睡覺時執行輸血
尊重病人的自主權（Autonomy）是護理倫理的核心。當具備決策能力的成人病人基於宗教信仰拒絕治療（如輸血）時，護理師必須尊重其決定，不可強迫或誘導。護理師的角色是確保病人充分了解拒絕後果（Informed refusal），並將此決定完整記錄於病歷，同時通知醫療團隊（醫師），以便調整治療計畫。任何欺騙或違反病人意願的處置均屬嚴重倫理違規。
Respect for client autonomy is a core nursing ethical principle. When a competent adult client refuses treatment (such as blood transfusion) on religious grounds, the nurse must respect that decision and must not coerce or manipulate. The nurse's role is to ensure that the client fully understands the consequences of refusal (informed refusal), document the decision thoroughly in the medical record, and notify the medical team (physician) so the plan of care can be adjusted. Any deception or treatment given against the client's will constitutes a serious ethical violation.
在美國臨床實務中，宗教信仰拒絕輸血（如耶和華見證人）的個案相當常見，醫療體系通常有標準的「拒絕輸血同意書（Refusal of Blood Products form）」流程，護理師需確保該文件簽署完整，這點與台灣做法一致但執行更嚴謹。