— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師正在照顧一位第一型糖尿病病人,該病人正經歷低血糖。護理師應預期出現哪些徵象與症狀?(選所有適合的)
A nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who is experiencing hypoglycemia. Which signs and symptoms should the nurse anticipate? (Select all that apply.)
- ADiaphoresis✓ 正解盜汗
- BFruity breath odor果味口臭
- CTremors✓ 正解顫抖
- DPolyuria多尿
- ETachycardia✓ 正解心搏過速
- FAnxiety and irritability✓ 正解焦慮與易怒
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低血糖(Hypoglycemia)時,身體會釋放腎上腺素,引發交感神經刺激症狀:出汗(diaphoresis)、顫抖(tremors)、心跳加速(tachycardia)、視力模糊(blurred vision)、焦慮、頭暈。果香味呼吸(fruity breath odor)及多尿(polyuria)是高血糖(hyperglycemia)的症狀,與酮酸中毒(DKA)有關。
During hypoglycemia, the body releases epinephrine, producing sympathetic-mediated symptoms: diaphoresis, tremors, tachycardia, blurred vision, anxiety, and dizziness. A fruity breath odor and polyuria, on the other hand, are signs of hyperglycemia and are associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國常規衛教中,會強調低血糖的早期識別徵象;台灣衛教亦包含此,但可能更側重於高血糖的預防。