— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師正在照護一位有副甲狀腺功能亢進病史的病人。哪項評估發現最能指示有高血鈣症(hypercalcemia)?
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of hyperparathyroidism. Which assessment finding is most indicative of hypercalcemia?
- ABradycardia心搏過緩
- BHypotension低血壓
- CMuscle weakness✓ 正解肌肉無力
- DDiarrhea腹瀉
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高血鈣症會影響神經肌肉系統,導致肌肉無力(muscle weakness)、嗜睡、意識模糊。其他常見症狀包括便秘(而非腹瀉)、多尿、多渴、骨痛、心律不整(可能心搏過速或過慢,取決於情況)。肌肉無力是常見且較早期的神經肌肉症狀。
Hypercalcemia affects the neuromuscular system, producing muscle weakness, drowsiness, and confusion. Other common findings include constipation (rather than diarrhea), polyuria, polydipsia, bone pain, and cardiac arrhythmias (which may be tachycardic or bradycardic depending on the situation). Muscle weakness is a common and relatively early neuromuscular manifestation.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國的內分泌科會定期監測副甲狀腺功能亢進病人的血鈣值,並給予生活方式建議;台灣的照護模式也相似,但病人對飲食限制(如避免鈣片補充)的配合度很重要。