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藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ

護理師準備為低血鉀病人靜脈輸注氯化鉀,下列哪項評估結果需要暫停給藥?

A nurse is preparing to administer intravenous potassium chloride to a client with hypokalemia. Which assessment finding requires the nurse to withhold the medication?

  • AHeart rate of 88 beats per minute
    心率每分鐘88次
  • BSerum potassium level of 3.2 mEq/L
    血清鉀濃度3.2 mEq/L
  • CUrine output of 20 mL/hr✓ 正解
    尿量每小時20 mL
  • DBlood pressure of 110/70 mmHg
    血壓110/70 mmHg
Explanation · 中文詳解

靜脈輸注氯化鉀(KCl)具有高度風險,因鉀離子主要經由腎臟排泄。若病人腎功能受損導致無尿或少尿,過快補鉀會引發致命性的高血鉀症(Hyperkalemia),進而導致心律不整甚至心跳停止。護理師在給藥前必須確保腎臟排泄功能正常,臨床上以每小時尿量(Urine Output)至少 30 mL 作為安全指標。

Intravenous potassium chloride (KCl) is a high-risk infusion because potassium is excreted primarily by the kidneys. If renal function is impaired and the client is anuric or oliguric, rapid potassium replacement can produce life-threatening hyperkalemia, leading to cardiac arrhythmias and even cardiac arrest. The nurse must ensure adequate renal excretory function before administration; clinically, a urine output of at least 30 mL/hour is used as the safety threshold.

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