— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照護一位長期服用類固醇的病人,應監測哪些副作用?(選所有適合的)
A nurse is caring for a client receiving long-term corticosteroid therapy. Which findings should the nurse identify as adverse effects? (Select all that apply.)
- AHyperglycemia✓ 正解高血糖
- BDelayed wound healing✓ 正解傷口癒合延遲
- CWeight loss體重減輕
- DOsteoporosis✓ 正解骨質疏鬆
- EFluid retention✓ 正解液體滯留
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
長期使用類固醇會影響葡萄糖代謝導致高血糖、抑制纖維母細胞導致傷口癒合遲緩、增加鈣質流失導致骨質疏鬆、以及因鈉水滯留引起的水腫與體重增加。C 錯誤,類固醇常見副作用為體重增加及庫欣氏徵候群(向心性肥胖)。
Long-term corticosteroids impair glucose metabolism (hyperglycemia), inhibit fibroblasts (delayed wound healing), increase calcium loss (osteoporosis), and cause sodium-water retention (edema and weight gain). Option C is incorrect: corticosteroids commonly cause weight gain and Cushingoid features (truncal obesity), not weight loss.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣慢性病管理中,類固醇副作用衛教非常關鍵,因民間對類固醇的恐懼(俗稱美國仙丹)常導致病人自行停藥,需特別加強衛教。