— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照護一位疑似活動性肺結核病人，應優先採取哪項隔離措施？
A nurse is caring for a client with a suspected case of active tuberculosis. Which of the following isolation interventions should the nurse prioritize?
- AEnsure the client wears a N95 respirator when leaving the room確保病人離開房間時佩戴N95呼吸器
- BUse ultraviolet germicidal irradiation in the room在房間內使用紫外線殺菌照射
- CRequire all visitors to wear surgical masks要求所有訪客佩戴外科口罩
- DPlace the client in a private room with negative air pressure✓ 正解將病人安置於具有負壓之單人病房
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肺結核經由空氣傳播，首要措施是隔離於負壓病室（Negative Air Pressure Room），以防止受污染的空氣逸散至走廊或其他病室。N95 應由照護者配戴，病人外出時配戴外科口罩即可。紫外線照射非標準常規隔離措施。
Tuberculosis is transmitted via airborne route, so the primary measure is isolation in a negative air pressure room to prevent contaminated air from escaping into hallways or other rooms. Caregivers should wear N95 respirators; the patient only needs a surgical mask when leaving the room. Ultraviolet irradiation is not a standard routine isolation measure.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對於 TB 隔離的標準一致，均採取負壓病房及 N95 配戴規定。