護理師準備經由鼻胃管給藥，哪項步驟是最關鍵的安全措施？
A nurse is preparing to administer medication via an NG tube. What is the most critical safety step?
- APosition the client at a 30-degree angle將病患置於 30 度仰臥位
- BCrush all medications together to save time將所有藥物磨碎後混合以節省時間
- CFlush the tube with 30 mL of water before and after給藥前後以 30 mL 水沖洗管路
- DVerify the placement of the NG tube before administration✓ 正解給藥前確認鼻胃管位置
鼻胃管（NG tube）給藥的核心安全原則是確保藥物確實進入胃部，而非誤入氣道。在美國臨床實踐中，確認管路位置（Tube placement verification）是護理師給藥前必須執行的首要步驟，以預防吸入性肺炎（Aspiration pneumonia）。雖然沖洗管路與擺位也很重要，但若管路位置錯誤，上述動作皆無法彌補誤吸的風險。
The core safety principle when administering medications through an NG tube is to ensure the medication enters the stomach rather than the airway. In U.S. clinical practice, verifying tube placement is the first step the nurse must perform before administration in order to prevent aspiration pneumonia. Flushing the tube and positioning the client are also important, but if tube placement is wrong, these actions cannot compensate for the risk of aspiration.
在美國，X 光影像確認是 NG 管置入後的黃金標準（Gold standard）。而給藥前的護理確認，現今多建議使用 pH 值檢測（通常 < 5.5）並檢查管路刻度，單純聽診氣泡測試已因準確度不足而不被建議。