— 安全與感染控制 · HARD · MCQ —
下列哪位病人感染風險最高，需由護理師優先評估？
Which client is at the highest risk for developing an infection and should be assessed first by the nurse?
- AA client with a small skin abrasion from a fall因跌倒而有輕微皮膚擦傷的病人
- BA client with type 2 diabetes and a foot ulcer患有第二型糖尿病且有足部潰瘍的病人
- CA client receiving chemotherapy with a WBC count of 1,500/mm³✓ 正解接受化學治療且白血球計數為 1,500/mm³ 的病人
- DA client with a 2-day postoperative knee replacement術後兩天的膝關節置換病人
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
免疫功能受損的病人是感染的高風險群。WBC 1,500/mm³ 屬於嚴重的白血球減少（Leukopenia/Neutropenia），這意味著病人的免疫防禦系統幾近癱瘓，任何輕微感染都可能迅速進展為敗血症。相較於術後病人或慢性病患，此病人的感染風險最迫切，需由護理師優先評估，並採取嚴格的保護性隔離措施。
Immunocompromised patients are at high risk for infection. A WBC of 1,500/mm³ represents severe leukopenia/neutropenia, meaning that the patient's immune defenses are nearly paralyzed, and any minor infection can rapidly progress to sepsis. Compared with a postoperative patient or a patient with a chronic disease, this patient has the most urgent infection risk and should be assessed first by the nurse, with strict protective isolation measures implemented.