— 生理適應 · HARD · SATA —
一位病人診斷為高血鉀症。護理師預期會觀察到哪些心電圖改變？（選所有適合的）
A client is diagnosed with hyperkalemia. Which ECG changes should the nurse expect to observe? (Select all that apply.)
- ATall, peaked T waves✓ 正解高大尖銳的 T 波
- BST segment depressionST 段壓低
- CProlonged PR interval✓ 正解PR 間期延長
- DWidened QRS complex✓ 正解QRS 波群變寬
- EAbsent P waves✓ 正解P 波消失
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高血鉀對心肌電生理影響顯著，初期表現為 T 波高聳（T-wave peaking），隨血鉀持續升高，會出現 PR 間期延長、QRS 波變寬，最終 P 波消失甚至演變成心室纖維顫動。ST 波壓低通常與低血鉀或缺血有關。
Hyperkalemia has marked effects on cardiac electrophysiology. The earliest manifestation is tall, peaked T waves; as the serum potassium continues to rise, the PR interval becomes prolonged, the QRS complex widens, and eventually the P wave disappears and the rhythm may progress to ventricular fibrillation. ST segment depression is typically associated with hypokalemia or ischemia.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地對於高血鉀危險臨界值判讀一致，處理上皆遵循 ACLS 與緊急電解質矯正流程。