— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位有氣喘病史的病人，應避免使用哪種藥物？
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of asthma. Which medication should be avoided?
- APropranolol✓ 正解普萘洛爾
- BMetformin二甲雙胍
- CAcetaminophen乙醯胺酚
- DLisinopril利辛普利
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
非選擇性乙型交感神經阻斷劑（如 Propranolol）會抑制支氣管上的 Beta-2 受體，導致支氣管收縮，進而誘發氣喘發作，對氣喘病人屬於禁忌藥物。其他選項（ACEI、Metformin、Acetaminophen）在氣喘治療與監控上較無直接負面影響。
Non-selective beta-adrenergic blockers (such as propranolol) inhibit beta-2 receptors in the bronchi, causing bronchoconstriction and potentially triggering an asthma attack; they are contraindicated in clients with asthma. The other options (ACE inhibitors, metformin, and acetaminophen) have no direct adverse effect on asthma treatment or monitoring.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理考題極強調藥物禁忌的臨床邏輯，台灣臨床教育對於氣喘用藥的藥理機轉教育也同樣重視。