— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位髖關節置換術後的病人，哪項介入措施對於預防深層靜脈血栓（DVT）最有效？
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative following a hip arthroplasty. Which intervention is most effective in preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
- AMaintain the hip in adduction保持髖關節內收
- BApply sequential compression devices✓ 正解應用順序加壓裝置
- CPerform passive range of motion exercises only僅執行被動關節活動度運動
- DEncourage frequent coughing and deep breathing鼓勵頻繁咳嗽與深呼吸
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
術後預防 DVT 的核心在於促進靜脈回流。序列式加壓裝置（SCDs）能藉由週期性壓力促進下肢血液循環，減少淤血。髖關節置換術後應避免內收（adduction），鼓勵主動運動而非僅被動運動，深呼吸咳嗽則是用於預防肺部併發症。
Sequential compression devices are the most effective intervention listed for preventing deep vein thrombosis because they mechanically promote venous return and reduce blood stasis in the lower extremities. Maintaining the hip in adduction increases dislocation risk, while passive range of motion is less effective than active movement for circulation, and respiratory exercises target pulmonary rather than venous complications.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常主動啟動 SCD 使用並評估；台灣臨床則常需醫囑明確規範 SCD 穿戴時間。