— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師為一位周邊動脈疾病（PAD）病人進行身體評估，應預期發現什麼？
A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a client with peripheral artery disease (PAD). Which findings should the nurse expect?
- ADull ache that improves with elevation鈍痛，抬高肢體時緩解
- BThin, shiny, hairless skin on the lower extremities✓ 正解下肢皮膚薄、光亮且無毛髮
- CBrownish discoloration at the ankles腳踝處褐色色素沈著
- DWarm, edematous lower extremities下肢溫暖且水腫
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
周邊動脈疾病（Peripheral Artery Disease, PAD）是由於動脈粥狀硬化導致肢體血流量減少。由於組織長期缺血，皮膚會變得薄、發亮、乾燥且伴隨毛髮脫落。臨床評估重點在於識別缺血性變化，而非靜脈淤積表現。PAD 病人常見間歇性跛行，且疼痛在肢體抬高時會加劇（因為重力減少了血液供應），放下時才會緩解。
Peripheral artery disease results in reduced arterial blood flow, leading to tissue ischemia and characteristic skin changes such as thin, shiny, and hairless skin on the lower extremities. Unlike venous issues, which present with edema or brownish discoloration, arterial insufficiency often causes pain that worsens with elevation due to decreased gravity-assisted blood flow.