一位病人因過敏性休克接受腎上腺素的連續輸注。護理師應實施哪個措施最重要？
A client is receiving a continuous infusion of epinephrine for anaphylaxis. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
- AMonitor urine output監測尿液排出量
- BMonitor respiratory rate and depth監測呼吸頻率與深度
- CMonitor blood glucose levels監測血糖水平
- DMonitor heart rate and blood pressure✓ 正解監測心率與血壓
腎上腺素 (Epinephrine) 是過敏性休克的一線用藥，透過激動 Alpha 與 Beta 受體來快速提升血壓與擴張支氣管。然而，其強大的強心與血管收縮作用會顯著增加心肌氧耗，若監測不當，可能誘發嚴重心律不整 (Arrhythmia) 或心肌梗塞。因此，嚴密監測血流動力學指標是給藥期間最重要的護理安全措施。
Epinephrine is a first-line medication for anaphylactic shock and rapidly raises blood pressure and dilates the bronchi by stimulating alpha and beta receptors. However, its potent inotropic and vasoconstrictive effects markedly increase myocardial oxygen consumption, and inadequate monitoring may precipitate serious arrhythmias or myocardial infarction. Therefore, close monitoring of hemodynamic parameters is the most important nursing safety measure during administration.