— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師指導病人使用吸入劑。哪些正確的操作指導應包含？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about the use of inhalers. Which instructions should the nurse include for proper technique? (Select all that apply.)
- AShake the inhaler well before use✓ 正解使用前充分搖晃吸入器
- BBreathe out completely before taking a puff✓ 正解噴霧前完全呼氣
- CHold breath for 10 seconds after inhaling✓ 正解吸入後屏氣 10 秒
- DRinse mouth after using corticosteroid inhalers✓ 正解使用類固醇吸入劑後漱口
- EExhale quickly after the puff噴霧後快速呼氣
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
吸入劑（Inhaler）的使用技巧直接影響藥物在下呼吸道的沉積率。正確程序包括：使用前搖勻（若是 MDI），完全呼氣後啟動吸入器並緩慢深吸，吸入後屏氣約 10 秒以利藥物沉降。若使用類固醇吸入劑，用後必須漱口以清除口腔殘留藥物，預防鵝口瘡（Oral candidiasis）。呼氣過快或吸入後立即呼氣會導致藥物無法有效到達肺部。
Proper inhaler technique involves shaking the device, exhaling fully before activation, and holding the breath for approximately 10 seconds to allow medication deposition. When using corticosteroid inhalers, the client must rinse their mouth afterward to prevent oral candidiasis.