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藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ

病人因急性肺水腫被醫囑處方 40 mg 靜脈注射速尿靈。護理師在給藥前最需優先評估哪項發現?

A client is prescribed intravenous furosemide 40 mg for acute pulmonary edema. Which assessment finding is most important for the nurse to prioritize before administration?

  • ABaseline blood pressure
    基礎血壓
  • BCurrent serum potassium level✓ 正解
    目前血清鉀濃度
  • CRecent blood glucose reading
    近期血糖讀數
  • DPeripheral capillary refill time
    周邊毛細血管再充盈時間
Explanation · 中文詳解

Furosemide 是一種強效的袢利尿劑(Loop diuretic),其作用機轉為抑制亨利氏環(Loop of Henle)對鈉、氯及鉀離子的再吸收。臨床上,肺水腫病人常因電解質不平衡或共病症(如心衰竭)處於低血鉀風險中。給予速尿靈會進一步加劇鉀離子流失,若病人已處於低血鉀狀態,給藥將誘發嚴重的致命性心律不整(如室性心動過速)。因此,在給予此藥前,優先評估血鉀濃度是確保病人安全的核心步驟。

Furosemide is a potent loop diuretic that significantly increases renal excretion of potassium. Because hypokalemia predisposes clients to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias, especially in those with heart failure, verifying the current serum potassium level is the highest priority assessment before administration.

✦ 台美臨床差異

台美臨床對於速尿靈的使用差異不大。但在美國醫院,常規電子醫療紀錄(EMR)系統通常會設定「給藥前警示」,若實驗室檢測數值未更新(如血鉀),護理師需主動聯繫醫師或檢視檢驗單,確保安全性。

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