護理師照護一名有皮膚完整性受損風險的高齡病人，應採取哪些護理措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is at risk for skin breakdown. Which interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
- AReposition the client every 2 hours✓ 正解每兩小時為病患翻身
- BApply powder to keep skin folds dry在皮膚皺摺處塗抹粉劑以保持乾燥
- CMaintain adequate protein and calorie intake✓ 正解維持充足的蛋白質和熱量攝取
- DMassage bony prominences to stimulate blood flow按摩骨突處以刺激血液循環
- EUse moisturizing lotions for dry skin✓ 正解對乾燥皮膚使用保濕乳液
高齡病人皮膚脆弱，預防壓傷需採取多面向的介入措施。核心原則為：減壓（每兩小時翻身）、營養支持（蛋白質與熱量是組織修復關鍵）以及皮膚保濕（預防乾燥龜裂）。按摩骨突處已被證實會破壞微血管，反而增加組織壞死風險；使用粉末則可能造成皮膚毛孔阻塞或與汗水混合導致刺激，均應避免。這些措施旨在維持皮膚完整性並促進血液循環。
The skin of older adults is fragile, and pressure injury prevention requires a multifaceted approach. Core principles include pressure relief (repositioning every two hours), nutritional support (adequate protein and calories for tissue repair), and skin moisturization (to prevent dryness and cracking). Massaging bony prominences has been shown to damage capillaries and increase the risk of tissue necrosis, while applying powder may clog pores or mix with sweat to cause irritation; both should be avoided. These measures aim to maintain skin integrity and promote local circulation.