護理師準備對低血鉀病人給予靜脈輸注氯化鉀。下列何者為最關鍵的安全措施？
A nurse is preparing to administer intravenous potassium chloride to a client with hypokalemia. What is the most critical safety intervention to perform?
- ADilute the medication in at least 100 mL of fluid將藥物稀釋於至少 100 mL 的液體中
- BEnsure the infusion rate does not exceed 10 mEq/hour via peripheral line✓ 正解確保透過周邊靜脈輸注的速度不超過 10 mEq/小時
- CCheck for potassium allergy檢查是否有鉀離子過敏
- DVerify the patient's identity with two identifiers以兩種識別方式確認病人身分
氯化鉀靜脈輸注屬於高警訊藥物操作，其安全性核心在於輸注速率的控制。過快輸注會導致局部血管劇烈疼痛、血管炎，甚至引起致命性的高血鉀引發心臟驟停。周邊靜脈給藥的標準速率通常限制在每小時 10 mEq，且必須透過輸液幫浦（Infusion pump）嚴格控制，這是護理師執行此項醫療處置時不可逾越的安全底線。
Intravenous potassium chloride is a high-alert medication, and its safety hinges on controlling the infusion rate. Rapid infusion can cause severe localized vascular pain, phlebitis, and even fatal hyperkalemia-induced cardiac arrest. The standard rate for peripheral administration is generally limited to 10 mEq per hour and must be strictly controlled with an infusion pump, an inviolable safety standard for the nurse performing this procedure.
在美國臨床，對於周邊靜脈輸注鉀離子的速率要求極為嚴格，若需高濃度或快速補鉀，通常必須建立中央靜脈導管（Central line），這是 NCLEX 常考的安全邊界。