— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
哪位病人最需要針對藥物副作用進行緊急評估？
Which patient requires the most urgent assessment for medication side effects?
- APatient on Metoprolol complaining of fatigue服用美托洛爾並抱怨疲倦的病人
- BPatient on an ACE inhibitor complaining of facial swelling✓ 正解服用 ACE 抑制劑並抱怨臉部腫脹的病人
- CPatient on an SSRI complaining of mild dry mouth服用 SSRI 並抱怨輕微口乾的病人
- DPatient on Aspirin complaining of slight gastric upset服用阿斯匹靈並抱怨輕微胃部不適的病人
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
藥物副作用評估需依據「ABC（Airway, Breathing, Circulation）」原則進行優先級排序。ACE 抑制劑（ACE inhibitors）引起的血管水腫（Angioedema）是一種急性過敏反應，可能迅速導致呼吸道阻塞（Airway obstruction），具有立即致命風險，因此必須最優先評估與處理。
Irregular heart rhythm on telemetry requires immediate intervention because hypokalemia can cause life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation. While muscle cramps and decreased bowel sounds are expected findings, cardiac stability is the highest priority in the ABC framework.