護理師準備經鼻胃管給藥，確保病人安全最優先的措施是什麼？
A nurse is preparing to administer medication via a nasogastric (NG) tube. Which action is the priority to ensure client safety?
- AElevate the head of the bed to 30-45 degrees將床頭抬高30-45度
- BFlush the tube with 30 mL of water以30 mL水沖洗管路
- CCrush all medications together to save time將所有藥物搗碎混合以節省時間
- DCheck the tube placement by aspirating gastric contents and testing pH✓ 正解透過抽吸胃內容物並測試pH值來確認管路位置
經鼻胃管給藥（NG tube medication administration）時，確保管路位置正確是防止吸入性肺炎（aspiration pneumonia）的最高安全原則。若管路誤入氣管，灌入藥物將導致嚴重的呼吸道併發症。臨床上，確認位置的方式包括抽吸胃內容物並測試 pH 值，或透過 X 光確認（主要用於置管初期）。此步驟為給藥前的 Priority，必須嚴格執行。
When administering medication via NG tube, ensuring correct tube placement is the highest safety priority to prevent aspiration pneumonia. If the tube is mistakenly placed in the trachea, infusion of medication will cause serious respiratory complications. Clinically, placement is verified by aspirating gastric contents and testing pH or by X-ray confirmation (primarily for initial placement). This step is the priority before administration and must be strictly performed.
美國醫院臨床現今較少單純使用測試 pH 值作為唯一依據（因 pH 值會受藥物及食物影響），多建議以 pH 值結合 X 光影像確認，但在 NCLEX 考題中，pH 測試仍是正確的標準答案。