護理師照護一位剛置入周邊置入中心靜脈導管（PICC）的病人，哪些是必要的評估步驟？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a new peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). Which of the following are essential assessment steps? (Select all that apply.)
- AVerify placement with a chest X-ray✓ 正解以胸部 X 光確認位置
- BAssess for signs of phlebitis✓ 正解評估靜脈炎跡象
- CEnsure the dressing is clean and dry✓ 正解確保敷料清潔乾燥
- DFlush the line with heparin every hour每小時以肝素沖洗管路
- EMonitor for swelling in the arm✓ 正解監測手臂是否有腫脹
PICC 導管置入後必須經由胸部 X 光確認尖端位置正確方可使用。護理重點包括監測血栓性靜脈炎（紅腫熱痛）、敷料完整性，以及手臂是否有水腫（導管阻塞或移位徵兆）。每小時沖管非必要，通常依導管規格及機構慣例（如每 8-12 小時或每次使用後）。
After insertion of a PICC line, tip placement must be confirmed by chest X-ray before use. Nursing priorities include monitoring for thrombophlebitis (redness, swelling, warmth, pain), dressing integrity, and whether the arm shows edema (a sign of catheter occlusion or migration). Hourly flushing is not necessary; flushing is typically performed according to the catheter specifications and institutional protocol (such as every 8-12 hours or after each use).
台灣醫學中心 PICC 照護流程與美國趨於一致，但沖管規範常視醫院評鑑標準而有差異。