一位患有強迫症的病人不斷洗手。護理師最合適的初始介入是什麼？
A client with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) constantly washes their hands. What is the most appropriate initial nursing intervention?
- ARestrain the client's hands to prevent the ritual.約束病人雙手以防止儀式行為
- BAcknowledge the ritual and allow time for it during the initial phase.✓ 正解認可該儀式行為，並在初期階段允許其進行
- CPrevent the client from washing hands to stop the behavior.阻止病人洗手以制止該行為
- DExplain to the client that the behavior is irrational.向病人解釋該行為是不合理的
強迫症（OCD）的洗手行為是為了緩解內在焦慮。若在初期強行剝奪病人的儀式性行為，會導致其焦慮感飆升，甚至引發恐慌或攻擊行為。因此，護理師應採取「接納但不強化」的態度，初期允許其執行儀式，並在建立信任關係後，透過結構化的時間管理與行為療法，逐步縮短洗手時間或延緩執行頻率，幫助病人學習新的焦慮應對機制。
Handwashing rituals in OCD serve to relieve internal anxiety. Forcibly preventing the ritual at the outset will cause anxiety to spike and may even trigger panic or aggressive behavior. The nurse should therefore adopt a stance of "acceptance without reinforcement," initially allowing the ritual to occur, and only after establishing a trusting relationship using structured time management and behavioral therapy to progressively shorten handwashing duration or delay its frequency, helping the patient develop new anxiety-coping mechanisms.