護理師正在指導一位開始服用華法林（Warfarin）的病人。護理師應告知病人應穩定攝取哪種食物的份量？
The nurse is educating a client starting warfarin therapy. Which food should the nurse instruct the client to consume in consistent amounts?
- ABananas and oranges香蕉和柳橙
- BMilk and cheese牛奶和起司
- CRed meat and poultry紅肉和禽肉
- DSpinach and kale✓ 正解菠菜和羽衣甘藍
Warfarin 是維生素 K 拮抗劑，透過抑制維生素 K 依賴性凝血因子發揮作用。深綠色蔬菜（如菠菜、羽衣甘藍）富含維生素 K，若攝取量突然大幅增減，會直接干擾 Warfarin 的抗凝效果，導致 INR 波動。重點不在於「禁止攝取」，而在於「保持每日攝取量一致」，以便醫師調整藥物劑量。
Warfarin is a vitamin K antagonist that works by inhibiting vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Dark leafy vegetables (such as spinach and kale) are rich in vitamin K, and any sudden increase or decrease in intake directly interferes with warfarin's anticoagulant effect and causes the INR to fluctuate. The point is not to 'avoid intake' but to 'maintain a consistent daily intake' so that the physician can adjust the medication dose accordingly.
美國飲食中羽衣甘藍較常見；台灣則需特別提醒病人關於大豆油、地瓜葉或某些中藥材的影響。