病人服用華法林（Warfarin）。為確保藥物療效，護理師應提供哪些飲食建議？（選所有適合的）
A client is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin). Which dietary instructions should the nurse provide to ensure medication effectiveness? (Select all that apply.)
- AMaintain a consistent intake of green leafy vegetables✓ 正解保持綠葉蔬菜攝取量一致
- BAvoid excessive consumption of cranberry juice✓ 正解避免過量飲用蔓越莓汁
- CIncrease intake of foods rich in Vitamin K增加富含維生素 K 食物的攝取
- DLimit alcohol consumption to moderate levels將酒精攝取量限制在中度範圍
- EReport any signs of unusual bruising or bleeding✓ 正解報告任何異常瘀青或出血跡象
華法林（Warfarin）的療效深受飲食中維生素 K 攝取量的影響，因為維生素 K 是凝血因子合成的重要成分。重點不在於禁止攝取，而在於「攝取量的恆定」，以免 INR 值劇烈波動。此外，蔓越莓汁可能透過代謝途徑增強 Warfarin 作用，增加出血風險。護理師應指導病人監測任何異常出血徵象，如牙齦出血、瘀青或血尿，以利及時調整劑量。
The therapeutic effect of warfarin is profoundly influenced by dietary intake of vitamin K, an essential component for the synthesis of clotting factors. The emphasis is not on prohibiting intake but on maintaining a consistent intake to prevent large fluctuations in INR. In addition, cranberry juice can potentiate warfarin via metabolic pathways and increase bleeding risk. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for any abnormal bleeding signs, such as gum bleeding, bruising, or hematuria, to facilitate timely dose adjustments.