護理師在災難事件後於急診室進行分流。下列哪位病人應優先評估？
A nurse is preparing to perform triage in the emergency department following a mass casualty incident. Which client should the nurse assess first?
- AA client with an open fracture of the femur股骨開放性骨折的病人
- BA client with minor lacerations and abrasions輕微擦傷和割傷的病人
- CA client with a sucking chest wound✓ 正解吸吮性胸部傷口的病人
- DA client with a closed head injury and no verbal response閉合性頭部外傷且無言語反應的病人
依據大量傷患分流準則（Triage），紅色標籤（Immediate）病患為生命徵象不穩定但極有存活機會者。吸吮性胸部傷口（Sucking chest wound）導致張力性氣胸風險極高，若未緊急封閉會導致快速缺氧與死亡。A 雖疼痛但屬黃色（Delayed）；C 為綠色（Minor）；D 則為黑色（Expectant/Dead or dying）優先順序較低。
According to mass-casualty triage guidelines, a red-tag (Immediate) client is one with unstable vital signs but a strong chance of survival. A sucking chest wound carries a very high risk of tension pneumothorax; without prompt closure, it can rapidly cause hypoxia and death. Option A is significant but is classified as yellow (Delayed); B is green (Minor); and D is more likely black (Expectant/dead or dying), with a lower priority.
台灣大量傷患分流多由急診醫師主導；美國護理師受過專業訓練，在特定災難場域具備獨立分流決定權。