一位患有創傷後壓力症候群（PTSD）的病人住院期間出現閃回（Flashback）。護理師的最佳處置為何？
A client with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) experiences a flashback while in the hospital. Which action by the nurse is best?
- AGently touch the client to bring them back to reality輕柔地觸碰病人以幫助其回到現實
- BOrient the client to the present environment and ensure safety✓ 正解引導病人認識當下環境並確保安全
- CLeave the client alone to let them calm down讓病人獨處以使其冷靜下來
- DEncourage the client to talk about the traumatic event鼓勵病人談論創傷事件
閃回時，病人會感覺再次經歷創傷，此時感官與現實連結斷裂。護理師應以冷靜且確定的語氣，指引病人回到「當下」。強調環境中的物件（如床、椅子）與時間，能幫助病人重建安全感。不宜觸碰病人，以免誘發防衛性攻擊或再度驚嚇。
During a flashback, the client feels as though they are re-experiencing the trauma, and the connection between the senses and present reality is severed. The nurse should use a calm, firm tone to guide the client back to the 'here and now.' Emphasizing objects in the environment (such as the bed and chair) and the current time helps the client re-establish a sense of safety. Touching the client is not advised, as it may trigger a defensive aggressive reaction or further startle the client.
兩地精神護理標準一致，均禁止在無心理準備下進行會引發閃回的深層對話。