一位護理師正在接收入院一位新診斷為第二型糖尿病的病人。最重要的初步教學重點是什麼？
A nurse is admitting a client with a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which is the MOST important initial teaching point?
- AUnderstanding the effects of hyperglycemia.理解高血糖的影響
- BHow to administer insulin injections.如何注射胰島素
- CThe importance of regular blood glucose monitoring.✓ 正解定期監測血糖的重要性
- DHow to perform a daily foot examination.如何進行每日足部檢查
對於新診斷第二型糖尿病（Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus）的病人，自我監測血糖（Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose, SMBG）是教育的核心。血糖數值是評估飲食、運動與藥物治療效果的最直接指標，能讓病人從被動治療轉為主動管理。護理師應先建立病人對血糖數據的認知，再進一步執行胰島素注射教學或足部護理，因血糖控制不佳是併發症的根源。
For a client newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is the cornerstone of education. Blood glucose values are the most direct indicator of the effectiveness of diet, exercise, and medication therapy, transforming the patient from passive recipient to active manager. The nurse should first build the patient's understanding of glucose data before progressing to insulin injection technique or foot care, because poor glycemic control is the root cause of complications.
在美國，糖尿病衛教強調「自我效能（Self-efficacy）」，護理師會鼓勵病人使用數位紀錄工具或 App，並強調血糖趨勢比單一數據更重要。