— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人正在輸注萬古黴素，出現臉部與上身潮紅，護理師應優先採取何種措施？
A client is receiving vancomycin infusion and develops flushing of the face and upper torso. Which action should the nurse take first?
- AIncrease the IV rate增加靜脈輸注速率
- BNotify the provider通知醫療提供者
- CAdminister an antihistamine給予抗組織胺
- DStop the infusion✓ 正解停止輸注
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
這是典型的「紅人症候群」（Red Man Syndrome），起因於萬古黴素輸注速度過快引發組織胺釋放。處置原則是立即停止輸注以停止藥物來源，觀察症狀是否緩解。後續醫師通常會指示調降輸注速率，並給予抗組織胺。停止輸注是解決病因的關鍵動作。
This is a classic case of Red Man Syndrome, which is caused by histamine release triggered by rapid infusion of vancomycin. Management principle is to stop the infusion immediately to halt drug administration and observe whether symptoms resolve. The physician will typically order a slower infusion rate and administration of an antihistamine. Stopping the infusion is the key action that addresses the cause.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床皆視紅人症為常見藥物不良反應，美國護理師常有權根據標準護理流程先暫停給藥，台灣流程亦同。