護理師應將哪些介入措施納入高血壓病人的照護計畫，以促進健康並預防併發症？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions should a nurse include in the plan of care for a client with a history of hypertension to promote health and prevent complications? (Select all that apply.)
- AEngage in moderate-intensity aerobic exercise 150 minutes per week✓ 正解每週進行150分鐘中等強度有氧運動
- BLimit alcohol consumption to no more than one drink per day for women✓ 正解限制酒精攝取，女性每日不超過一杯
- CMaintain a DASH eating plan rich in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy✓ 正解維持富含水果、蔬菜和低脂乳製品的DASH飲食計畫
- DRestrict potassium intake to prevent hyperkalemia限制鉀攝取以防止高血鉀
- ETarget a systolic blood pressure goal of less than 130 mmHg✓ 正解收縮壓目標低於130 mmHg
高血壓管理強調生活型態調整，DASH 飲食（富含蔬果、低脂乳製品、低飽和脂肪）已被證實能有效降低血壓。規律運動（每週 150 分鐘中強度有氧）有助於改善血管彈性。限酒與嚴格控制血壓目標（收縮壓 < 130 mmHg）是目前美國心臟協會（AHA）的主流指引。鉀離子攝取對降壓有正面助益，除非病人有腎功能不全，否則不建議限制。
Hypertension management emphasizes lifestyle modification. The DASH diet (rich in fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy, and low in saturated fat) has been shown to effectively lower blood pressure. Regular exercise (150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week) helps improve vascular elasticity. Alcohol restriction and tight blood pressure control (systolic BP <130 mmHg) are aligned with current American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines. Potassium intake has a positive effect on blood pressure reduction and should not be restricted unless the client has renal insufficiency.
美國高血壓指引對於收縮壓的控制標準（<130 mmHg）較為嚴格，與台灣目前臨床常規目標（<140/90 mmHg）略有差異，應以 NCLEX 考試中美國現行指引為準。