— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師為病人輸注 Vancomycin，哪些症狀顯示病人出現「紅人症候群」？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is administering a dose of intravenous Vancomycin to a client. Which signs would indicate the client is experiencing 'Red Man Syndrome'? (Select all that apply.)
- AFlushing of the face and neck✓ 正解臉部與頸部潮紅
- BHypotension✓ 正解低血壓
- CWheezing and dyspnea喘鳴與呼吸困難
- DPruritus of the upper trunk✓ 正解上半身搔癢
- ERash on the torso✓ 正解軀幹皮疹
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome）是因萬古黴素輸注速度過快引起的組織胺釋放反應，非過敏。症狀包含臉頸部潮紅、上半身搔癢、低血壓及軀幹皮疹。Wheezing 屬於過敏性休克（Anaphylaxis），非紅人症候群典型表現。處置應暫停輸注並與醫師討論調慢滴速。
Red Man Syndrome is caused by rapid infusion of vancomycin leading to histamine release, resulting in flushing of the face and neck, pruritus of the upper trunk, rash on the torso, and hypotension. Wheezing and dyspnea are not typical of this syndrome but suggest an IgE-mediated allergic reaction or anaphylaxis.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣醫院多有 Vancomycin 給藥標準流程，輸注時間嚴格限制至少一小時以上，以預防此副作用發生。