護理師在急診進行檢傷分類，哪位病人應優先評估？
A nurse is performing triage in an emergency department. Which client should be evaluated first?
- AA client with a history of fever and a sore throat有發燒和喉嚨痛病史的病人
- BA client with a closed wrist fracture complaining of pain主訴疼痛的閉鎖性手腕骨折病人
- CA client with a superficial laceration on the forearm前臂有淺層撕裂傷的病人
- DA client experiencing sudden onset of chest pain and diaphoresis✓ 正解突然發生胸痛並伴隨盜汗的病人
急診檢傷分類（Triage）的核心原則是「生存優先（Life-threatening priority）」。護理師必須根據 ABC（Airway, Breathing, Circulation）原則評估，優先處理危及生命或器官功能的狀況。選項 D 的病人出現胸痛伴隨盜汗，這是急性冠心症（ACS）或心肌梗塞的典型症狀，極可能進展為心律不整或心因性休克，必須立即啟動急救流程。
The core principle of emergency department triage is 'life-threatening priority.' The nurse must assess based on the ABC (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) framework, prioritizing conditions that threaten life or organ function. The client in Option D presents with chest pain accompanied by diaphoresis, which is the classic presentation of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or myocardial infarction. This condition can progress to dysrhythmia or cardiogenic shock and requires immediate activation of emergency care.
台美在檢傷分類系統上均採用類似的急診檢傷分級（如 ESI 或五級檢傷）。在美國急診，胸痛病人通常會被直接指引至急救室（Resuscitation area）或快速通道進行心電圖，護理師需展現敏銳的危急判斷能力。