— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一位深部靜脈栓塞（DVT）的病患，面臨哪種併發症的風險？
A client with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is at risk for which complication?
- AAcute kidney injury急性腎損傷
- BMyocardial infarction心肌梗塞
- CStroke中風
- DPulmonary embolism✓ 正解肺栓塞
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
DVT 的血栓若脫落，會順著靜脈血流回右心房，經右心室打入肺動脈，造成肺栓塞 (Pulmonary Embolism)。這是 DVT 最常見且致命的併發症。其他選項（心肌梗塞、中風）通常與動脈栓塞有關，非 DVT 直接導致的後果。
If a thrombus in a DVT dislodges, it travels through the venous system back to the right atrium, through the right ventricle, and into the pulmonary artery, where it causes pulmonary embolism (PE). This is the most common and most lethal complication of DVT. The other options (myocardial infarction, stroke) are usually associated with arterial embolic events and are not direct consequences of DVT.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床皆強調 DVT 預防（如穿彈性襪、早期下床活動），兩地護理師對此併發症的教育標準一致。