— 安全與感染控制 · HARD · MCQ —
當疑診輻射暴露，最優先處理為何？
What is the primary intervention for a client with a suspected radiation exposure?
- ARemove the client's clothing✓ 正解移除病人的衣物
- BPerform a blood count進行血液計數
- CIsolate the client in a lead-lined room將病人隔離於鉛襯房間
- DAdminister potassium iodide給予碘化鉀
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
輻射暴露（Contamination）後，約 80%-90% 的外在輻射污染可透過移除衣物（Decontamination）來清除。脫除衣物能防止污染擴散並大幅降低放射源對病人的持續性暴露。B（碘化鉀）僅針對放射性碘暴露；C 為後續追蹤；D 為針對內部輻射的處置，非首選。
After radiation exposure, approximately 80-90% of external contamination can be removed by removing the client's clothing (decontamination). This stops further exposure and prevents spread of contamination. Potassium iodide (D) targets only radioactive iodine exposure; CBC (B) is for follow-up; isolation in a lead-lined room (C) is not the first action.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國在核能安全演習上有明確的 Decontamination 指引；台灣醫院對於輻射災害的應變則多由輻射防護委員會主導。