護理師即將執行無菌技術。哪項行為會污染無菌區？
The nurse is about to perform a sterile procedure. Which action would contaminate the sterile field?
- AOpening the first flap of a sterile kit away from the body將無菌套裝的第一個翻蓋朝遠離身體的方向打開
- BPlacing a sterile gauze 1/2 inch from the edge of the field✓ 正解將無菌紗布放置在距離無菌區域邊緣 1/2 英吋處
- CUsing sterile forceps to move items on the field使用無菌鑷子在無菌區域內移動物品
- DHolding sterile objects above the waist level將無菌物品保持在腰部以上高度
核心概念：無菌技術（Sterile Technique）的原則。 為何正確答案對： C. 無菌區（Sterile field）的邊緣 1 英吋（約 2.5 公分）被視為受污染區。將無菌物品放置在距離邊緣僅 1/2 英吋（約 1.25 公分）處，意味著其部分已進入了非無菌區域，因此會污染到該物品。在無菌操作中，所有物品都必須放置在無菌區內，且距離邊緣至少 1 英吋以上。 為何其他選項錯： A. 將無菌物品保持在腰部以上的高度，並朝向自己，有助於防止非無菌的物體（如衣物）從上方或下方掉落到無菌區，這是維持無菌狀態的正確做法。 B. 打開無菌包裝的第一個翻蓋時，應朝向遠離自己的方向打開，以避免在打開過程中，手臂或衣物接觸到翻蓋內側的無菌表面，這是標準的無菌開啟程序。 D. 使用無菌鑷子（Sterile forceps）移動無菌區內的物品，且鑷子本身保持無菌狀態，並在操作過程中避免觸碰到非無菌表面，是維持無菌場的重要方法。
Core concept: principles of sterile technique. Why the correct answer is correct: C. The outer 1 inch (approximately 2.5 cm) of a sterile field is considered contaminated. Placing a sterile item only 1/2 inch (approximately 1.25 cm) from the edge means part of it has entered a non-sterile area and is therefore contaminated. In sterile procedures, all items must be placed within the sterile field at least 1 inch from the edge. Why the other options are wrong: A. Keeping sterile items above waist level and in front of the body helps prevent non-sterile objects (such as clothing) from falling onto the sterile field from above or below and is correct technique for maintaining sterility. B. When opening a sterile package, the first flap should be opened away from the body to avoid contaminating the inside of the flap by contact with the arm or clothing during opening—this is the standard procedure for opening a sterile package. D. Using sterile forceps to move items within the sterile field while keeping the forceps sterile and avoiding contact with non-sterile surfaces is an important method for maintaining the sterile field.