— 安全與感染控制 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位肺結核活動期的病人，應優先執行哪項措施？
A nurse is caring for a client with active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Which precaution should the nurse implement first?
- ARestrict visitors from the room限制訪客進入房間
- BWear a surgical mask when entering the room進入房間時佩戴外科口罩
- CPlace the client in a private room with negative air pressure✓ 正解將病人安置於具有負壓之個人病房
- DPerform hand hygiene before touching the client接觸病人前執行手部衛生
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肺結核（TB）屬於空氣傳播疾病，負壓隔離病房是防範病原體經由空氣散布至其他病室的核心防護措施。N95 口罩亦是標準裝備。B選項錯誤，外科口罩無法過濾結核桿菌；D選項雖重要，但隔離設施是防護第一步；A選項為輔助措施，非優先之技術性感染控制。
Airborne precautions for active tuberculosis require placing the client in a private room with negative air pressure to prevent pathogen spread. Surgical masks are inadequate for filtering Mycobacterium tuberculosis, making environmental controls the primary safety measure over visitor restrictions or general hand hygiene.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對於肺結核負壓隔離的標準一致，但在台灣需注意健保對於負壓隔離病房的申報規範。