— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
在災難分流（Triage）中，護理師應優先處理哪位病人？
Which of the following clients should the nurse prioritize during a triage event?
- AA client with a sucking chest wound✓ 正解有吸吮性胸部穿透傷的病人
- BA client with minor abrasions and able to walk有輕微擦傷且能行走的病人
- CA client with a closed femur fracture and stable vital signs有閉合性股骨骨折且生命徵象穩定的病人
- DA client with abdominal pain and signs of internal bleeding有腹痛且有內出血跡象的病人
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
在緊急救護分流中，具有立即生命威脅（如開放性胸部創傷造成的氣胸）者屬於紅色標籤（Immediate），優先權最高。腹部出血雖需重視，但胸部穿透傷若未處理將迅速導致張力性氣胸而致死。閉合性骨折為黃色（Delayed），輕傷者為綠色（Minor）。
In disaster triage, clients with immediate life-threatening conditions (such as an open chest wound causing pneumothorax) are tagged red (immediate) and have the highest priority. Internal abdominal bleeding is serious, but a penetrating chest wound, if untreated, can rapidly progress to fatal tension pneumothorax. Closed fractures are tagged yellow (delayed), and minor injuries are tagged green (minor).
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣災難分流（START 分類）與美國通用標準一致，但在大型傷患現場，溝通協調的執行力差異較大。