一位 45 歲廣泛性焦慮症病人到診所，表示持續擔憂且肌肉緊繃。哪項護理措施對立即緩解症狀最有效？
A 45-year-old client diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder presents to the clinic with reports of constant worry and muscle tension. Which nursing intervention is most effective for immediate symptom management?
- APerform a thorough physical assessment to rule out medical issues進行詳細的身體評估以排除醫療問題
- BInstruct the client on progressive muscle relaxation techniques✓ 正解指導病人漸進式肌肉放鬆技巧
- CEncourage the client to discuss the source of anxiety鼓勵病人討論焦慮的來源
- DAdminister an as-needed benzodiazepine給予按需使用的苯二氮平類藥物
對於焦慮引起的肌肉緊繃，非藥物性的放鬆訓練（如漸進式肌肉放鬆）是立即能協助病人掌握身體狀態並減輕壓力反應的首選。D雖能減緩焦慮但屬藥物處置且有依賴風險；C需要時間建立信任，非立即緩解手段；D為鑑別診斷步驟，非針對症狀處理。
For muscle tension caused by anxiety, nonpharmacologic relaxation training (such as progressive muscle relaxation) is the intervention of first choice for immediately helping the client gain awareness of their physical state and reduce the stress response. Option D can relieve anxiety but is a pharmacologic intervention and carries a risk of dependence; option C requires time to build trust and is not an immediate relief measure; option A is a step in differential diagnosis rather than symptom-targeted management.
美國護理師常依據病史執行衛教與非藥物處置；台灣醫療體系較依賴藥物介入，護理師在衛教時間上較受限。