一位 50 歲客戶詢問大腸癌篩檢。護理師應推薦什麼？
A 50-year-old client asks about colon cancer screening. What should the nurse recommend?
- AColonoscopy every 10 years✓ 正解每 10 年進行一次大腸鏡檢查
- BDigital rectal exam every year每年進行數位直腸指診
- CBlood test for tumor markers annually每年檢測腫瘤標記的血液檢查
- DOnly if there is a family history僅在有家族史時進行
大腸癌篩檢旨在早期發現腺瘤性息肉（Adenomatous polyps）並預防其演變為癌症。對於一般風險族群，大腸鏡（Colonoscopy）是目前最有效的篩檢工具，建議從 45-50 歲開始，若檢查結果正常，每 10 年追蹤一次。護理師需強調這是預防醫學的重要環節，而非僅針對有症狀或家族史的病人。
Colorectal cancer screening aims at early detection of adenomatous polyps and prevention of their progression to cancer. For individuals at average risk, colonoscopy is currently the most effective screening tool; screening is recommended from age 45-50, and if the examination is normal, it is repeated every 10 years. The nurse should emphasize that this is an important component of preventive medicine and not limited to clients with symptoms or a family history.
美國目前多建議從 45 歲開始進行大腸癌篩檢，台灣則多從 50 歲開始，考生在回答時需注意題目設定的年齡背景。