— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列哪些是高血壓病人合適的健康促進策略？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following are appropriate health promotion strategies for a client with hypertension? (Select all that apply.)
- AEngage in moderate-intensity aerobic exercise for 150 minutes per week✓ 正解每週進行150分鐘中等強度有氧運動
- BLimit daily sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg✓ 正解每日鈉攝取量限制在2,300毫克以下
- CIncrease intake of potassium-rich foods like bananas and potatoes✓ 正解增加富含鉀的食物攝取，如香蕉和馬鈴薯
- DAvoid all forms of caffeine regardless of tolerance無論耐受性如何，避免所有形式的咖啡因
- EMaintain a body mass index (BMI) between 18.5 and 24.9✓ 正解將身體質量指數（BMI）維持在18.5至24.9之間
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高血壓管理策略包含：每週 150 分鐘有氧運動、限鈉（<2300mg）、鉀攝取（協助鈉排除）、維持健康 BMI（過重會增加心血管負荷）。D 錯誤，咖啡因對血壓的影響因人而異，並非絕對禁止，除非病人對咖啡因極度敏感。
Management strategies for hypertension include 150 minutes of aerobic exercise per week, sodium restriction (<2,300 mg), increased potassium intake (to facilitate sodium excretion), and maintaining a healthy BMI (since being overweight increases cardiovascular workload). Option D is incorrect because the effect of caffeine on blood pressure varies among individuals and is not absolutely prohibited unless the patient is highly sensitive to caffeine.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣飲食中隱藏鈉（如醬油、醃漬物）極多，護理師衛教時需更強調讀取標示的重要性。