— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師應針對過敏性休克病人給予哪些藥物？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer for a client experiencing anaphylaxis? (Select all that apply.)
- AEpinephrine✓ 正解腎上腺素
- BDiphenhydramine✓ 正解苯海拉明
- CMethylprednisolone✓ 正解甲基潑尼松龍
- DAspirin阿斯匹靈
- EAlbuterol✓ 正解舒喘靈
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
過敏性休克為全身性過敏反應，搶救首選為肌肉注射腎上腺素。後續輔助治療包括抗組織胺（Diphenhydramine）以減緩皮膚症狀、類固醇（Methylprednisolone）以防止遲發性反應，以及支氣管擴張劑（Albuterol）處理呼吸道痙攣。阿斯匹靈不具緩解過敏作用。
Anaphylaxis is a systemic hypersensitivity reaction. The first-line treatment is intramuscular epinephrine. Adjunct therapy includes antihistamines (diphenhydramine) for cutaneous symptoms, corticosteroids (methylprednisolone) to prevent biphasic reactions, and bronchodilators (albuterol) for bronchospasm. Aspirin does not treat anaphylaxis and may worsen it.
✦ 台美臨床差異
全球過敏性休克處置指引一致，優先給予腎上腺素已成為護理師執業的核心共識。