— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · SATA —
一位思覺失調症個案表現出陰性症狀。護理師觀察到下列哪些現象支持此評估？（選所有適合的）
A client with schizophrenia is exhibiting negative symptoms. Which observation by the nurse supports this assessment? (Select all that apply.)
- AAvolition✓ 正解意志缺乏
- BAuditory hallucinations聽覺幻覺
- CAnhedonia✓ 正解快感缺乏
- DFlat affect✓ 正解情感平淡
- EDelusional thinking妄想性思維
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
思覺失調症症狀分為陽性與陰性。陰性症狀（Negative symptoms）代表功能的缺損或喪失，如動機缺乏（Avolition）、快感缺失（Anhedonia）及情感平板（Flat affect）。幻聽與妄想屬於陽性症狀（Positive symptoms），代表功能的扭曲或過度表現。準確識別症狀分類對於後續藥物選擇與復健計畫至關重要。
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia involve deficits in normal emotional responses and behaviors, such as avolition (lack of motivation), anhedonia (inability to feel pleasure), and flat affect. In contrast, auditory hallucinations and delusions are classified as positive symptoms, representing excess or distorted functions.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床對於思覺失調症陰性症狀的定義與分類教學標準皆一致。