— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · SATA —
對於長期臥床的病人，下列哪些措施有助於預防壓瘡？（選所有適合的）
Which actions are appropriate for preventing pressure ulcers in a bedbound client? (Select all that apply.)
- AReposition the client at least every two hours✓ 正解至少每兩小時為病人翻身
- BKeep the bed linens clean, dry, and free of wrinkles✓ 正解保持床單清潔、乾燥且無皺褶
- CMassage bony prominences regularly to stimulate blood flow定期按摩骨突處以促進血液循環
- DUse pillows to keep heels off the bed surface✓ 正解使用枕頭使腳跟懸空於床面之上
- EApply a thick layer of powder to the skin to keep it dry在皮膚上塗抹厚層滑石粉以保持乾燥
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防壓瘡（Pressure Ulcer）的核心在於減輕組織受壓、減少摩擦力（Friction）與剪力（Shear），並維持皮膚完整性。護理重點是透過頻繁翻身分散骨突處壓力，並保持環境乾燥清潔以避免浸漬（Maceration）。臨床上應避免按摩骨突處，以免造成深層組織損傷（Deep Tissue Injury）。
Pressure ulcer prevention centers on reducing tissue pressure, friction, and shear, while maintaining skin integrity. Frequent repositioning, keeping linens dry and wrinkle-free, and offloading heels are key. Massaging bony prominences should be avoided as it can cause deep tissue injury. Powder is also discouraged because it can clump and cause irritation.