— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師準備為病人給予靜脈注射氯化鉀(KCl)。下列哪項護理措施對病人安全至關重要?
A nurse is preparing to administer IV potassium chloride (KCl) to a client. Which nursing action is essential for patient safety?
- AAdminister via IV push to ensure rapid effect透過靜脈推注給藥以確保快速療效
- BInfuse at a concentration higher than 40 mEq/L以高於 40 mEq/L 的濃度輸注
- CDilute the medication and use an infusion pump✓ 正解稀釋藥物並使用輸注幫浦
- DCheck the client's blood pressure every 5 minutes每 5 分鐘檢查病人的血壓
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀具有極強的組織刺激性與心臟毒性,絕對不可直接靜脈推注(IV push)。必須確保藥物經適當稀釋,並強制使用輸注幫浦(infusion pump)嚴格控制滴速,通常限制速度不超過 10 mEq/hr,以預防嚴重的心律不整與靜脈炎。
KCl is highly irritating and cardiotoxic and must never be given IV push. Always dilute and use an infusion pump for strict rate control, typically not exceeding 10 mEq/hr, to prevent fatal arrhythmias and phlebitis.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆嚴格遵守禁忌,但美國醫院常備有預混液,台灣基層單位有時需由護理師計算稀釋比例,風險管理重點一致。