— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師照護輸血病人。若懷疑發生輸血反應，應採取什麼行動？
A nurse is caring for a client receiving blood transfusion. What should the nurse do if a transfusion reaction is suspected?
- AStop the transfusion immediately✓ 正解立即停止輸血
- BNotify the lab通知檢驗室
- CSlow the transfusion rate減慢輸血速率
- DAdminister an antihistamine給予抗組織胺
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
輸血反應（Transfusion reaction）的緊急處置原則是「立即停止（Stop the transfusion）」。輸血反應可能是急性溶血、過敏或非溶血性發燒反應，任何一種均需立即停止輸血，並以生理食鹽水（Normal saline）維持靜脈管路通暢，以防管路阻塞且能方便後續急救用藥。接著應評估生命徵象、通知醫師、並將血袋與輸液管送回血庫進行檢驗。
The priority intervention for a suspected transfusion reaction is to immediately stop the infusion to prevent further exposure to the offending agent. After stopping the transfusion, the nurse should maintain IV access with normal saline and assess the patient's vital signs while notifying the provider and sending the blood product back to the blood bank for investigation.