— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人正接受靜脈注射萬古黴素（Vancomycin）。護理師發現病人輸注後不久出現潮紅、心跳過速及低血壓。護理師的首要措施為何？
A client is prescribed intravenous vancomycin. The nurse notes the client develops flushing, tachycardia, and hypotension shortly after the infusion starts. What is the priority nursing action?
- ANotify the healthcare provider通知醫療提供者
- BStop the infusion immediately✓ 正解立即停止輸注
- CSlow the rate of infusion減慢輸注速率
- DAdminister an antihistamine給予抗組織胺
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
此臨床表現為紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome），為萬古黴素輸注速度過快引發組織胺釋放所致。首要處置應立刻停止輸注，再評估病人狀況並依據醫囑調整速度或給藥。單純減速（C）不足以緩解急性過敏反應，應先中斷。
This presentation is Red Man Syndrome, caused by vancomycin infused too rapidly, releasing histamine. First action is to stop the infusion, then reassess and adjust per orders. Simply slowing (C) is insufficient for an acute reaction; the infusion must be halted.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣與美國護理師皆須遵循藥物輸注準則，但在台灣，緊急停止給藥後通知醫師的流程通常較為嚴謹，強調書面醫囑確認。