一位創傷後壓力症候群 (PTSD) 病人正在接受認知行為治療。護理師了解此療法的主要目標為：
A client with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is being treated with cognitive behavioral therapy. The nurse understands the main goal of this therapy is to:
- AIdentify and modify maladaptive cognitive patterns✓ 正解識別並修正適應不良的認知模式
- BUncover childhood trauma that caused the disorder挖掘導致該障礙的童年創傷
- CEncourage the client to express emotions through art鼓勵病人透過藝術表達情緒
- DProvide medication to stabilize mood提供藥物以穩定情緒
認知行為治療（Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, CBT）是治療 PTSD 的黃金準則。其核心目標在於協助病患識別並修正創傷事件後形成的「錯誤認知（Maladaptive cognitive patterns）」，例如「這都是我的錯」或「世界是絕對危險的」。透過改變這些認知，進而調整情緒反應與行為模式（如迴避行為）。CBT 著重於現狀的修正與功能恢復，而非深入挖掘過去的潛意識（那是精神分析的範疇）。
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is the gold-standard treatment for PTSD. Its main goal is to help the client identify and modify maladaptive cognitive patterns formed after the traumatic event (e.g., 'It was my fault' or 'The world is dangerous'). Restructuring these thoughts alters emotional reactions and behaviors such as avoidance. CBT targets present-day functioning rather than uncovering unconscious childhood material (which is the focus of psychodynamic therapy).