一名 25 歲患有廣泛性焦慮症的病患至門診，主訴心悸、呼吸困難及害怕失去控制。護理師優先採取的介入措施為何？
A 25-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents to the clinic with reports of heart palpitations, shortness of breath, and a fear of losing control. What is the priority nursing intervention?
- AEncourage the client to talk about the triggers鼓勵病人談論誘發因素
- BInstruct the client to breathe into a paper bag指示病人用紙袋呼吸
- CAdminister an ordered anxiolytic medication給予處方之抗焦慮藥物
- DStay with the client and remain calm✓ 正解留在病人身邊並保持鎮靜
面對恐慌發作的病人，建立安全感與提供穩定環境最為關鍵。留在病人身邊能降低其孤立無援的恐懼感，護理師保持冷靜的態度具有感染力，能幫助病人緩解情緒波動。藥物治療為輔助，探討原因需在急性情緒緩解後進行，紙袋呼吸法因可能導致缺氧已不建議使用。
For panic-attack clients, establishing safety and a stable environment is paramount. Staying with the client reduces feelings of isolation; the nurse's calm demeanor is contagious and helps relieve emotional turbulence. Medication is supportive; exploring triggers should be done after acute distress resolves; paper bag breathing is no longer recommended due to risk of hypoxia.
美國護理師在心理衛生領域強調非藥物介入，台灣醫療環境則較常仰賴藥物控制。