護理師照護一位困難梭狀桿菌（C. diff）感染的病人時，應優先執行哪項措施？
Which of the following actions should the nurse prioritize when managing a client with Clostridioides difficile infection?
- AWearing a surgical mask when entering the room進入病房時佩戴外科口罩
- BPerforming hand hygiene with soap and water after patient care✓ 正解在病人照護後使用肥皂和水進行手部衛生
- CUsing alcohol-based hand sanitizer after patient contact在接觸病人後使用酒精性手部消毒劑
- DCleaning equipment with alcohol swabs使用酒精棉片清潔設備
困難梭狀桿菌（C. diff）會產生對酒精、常見消毒劑及乾燥環境具有高度抗性的孢子（spores）。因此，僅使用酒精乾洗手液無法物理移除或殺滅這些孢子，反而可能造成擴散。臨床照護時，應嚴格執行接觸隔離（Contact Precautions），並使用肥皂與流水進行手部衛生，透過機械性摩擦將孢子沖洗掉。
Clostridioides difficile produces spores that are highly resistant to alcohol, common disinfectants, and dry environments. Therefore, alcohol-based hand sanitizer alone cannot physically remove or kill these spores and may even contribute to spread. In clinical care, contact precautions must be strictly implemented, and hand hygiene must be performed with soap and running water, using mechanical friction to wash the spores away.
美國醫院對於 C. diff 感染病人，通常會強制執行「肥皂洗手」（Soap and water only）政策，禁止使用酒精乾洗手（Hand sanitizer）。在台灣，臨床亦建議如此，但美國醫院對於「接觸隔離」的執行細節（如專屬設備、隔離衣穿脫）通常更為嚴格且具備稽核機制。